Craniotomy and Craniectomy The Craniotomy is a surgical operation in which a portion of bone is temporarily removed from the skull to allow access to the brain so that the disease can be tackled surgically. Craniotomies are undertaken for brain tumours, injuries, aneurysm, arteriovenous malformations or other surgically amenable lesions. These operations are often fraught with serious complications but modern neurosurgeons are equipped with skill and resources to circumvent these complications. The craniotomy is differentiated from Craniotomy in which the removed portion of the skull is not immediately replaced and scalp is sutured without the underlying bone. This procedure provides space to accommodate brain swelling which may otherwise create life-threatening raised pressure inside the skull. Surgery for Head Injuries Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) occurs when the head gets injured in an accident due to a fall or an assault. The timely operation may be required to